FLOODS SANTA CATARINA

Floods hit the state of Santa Catarina, located in southern Brazil, in January 2011. About 83 cities have enacted an emergency because of heavy rain. The city of Sweet Mirim declared a state of public calamity. The DefesaCivil recorded six deaths and about 930,000 people were affected. More than 26,000 people had to leave their homes around the state. 24,124 people homeless and other homeless 1926.
Alert was reported in relation to Taió Dam, with the opening of all gates. The tank was in the ceiling, and the Defender of Civil Taió, South River and West River remained firm surveillance due to the high rainfall, which resulted in flooding in the municipalities cited the consequent increase in the level of the river, because the opening of the floodgates.
The Civil Defense also reported flooding and landslides in Brush, the Itajai Valley where some cities have experienced problems due to the steady increase in rainfall. The cities that remained in an emergency situation were Antônio Carlos, Anitápolis, Alfredo Wagner, Water warm, Anita Garibaldi, Warehouse, Araquari, Araranguá, Aurora, Stall Brook Silva, Barra do Sul Balneario, Seagull Spa, Biguaçu, Old Bar, Bom Jardim da Serra, North Arm, Arm Trombudo, Firecrackers, Camboriú, the Cocal South Corupá, Cricklewood, Miss Emma, ​​Badlands, Forquilhinha, Gaspar, Grantham, Gravesend, Guaramirim, Governador Celso Ramos, Içara, Islet, Imaruí, Itapoá, Itaiópolis, Jaguaruna, Jaragua do Sul,

Safe that tere comes Flood!!!

Flood disaster is not always that you may have seen on TV, flooded cities, strandedpeople and animals, people who lost everything in the house with.

Floods are natural phenomena that occur in all rivers.

During the rainy season - which usually occurs during the summer, in southern Brazil,and during the winter in the north - the rivers fill alagam and the surrounding land, called natural flood areas. This is good because the water leaves the land more fertilefor planting. But man's actions changed the natural course of things ...

Formerly, before graduating cities, the water walked across the land. When the manbegan taking vegetation and build houses on the banks of rivers, floods have becomea big problem. Without tree roots, which act like sponges that hold water in the soil, the volume of water back into rivers is greatly increased, and the risk of a flood happening"disastrous" increase together.

Things got worse in the cities because the buildings, houses and asphalt covering the streets the way they cover the water to land, called "soil sealing".

The garbage dumped on the streets also contributes to the flooding, because it clogsthe drains and streams overflow.

When this happens, people are at greater risk of catching diseases, as the waters riseand carry 

debris to these streets and houses, along with the urine of rats (which causes a serious disease called leptospirosis). These waters are also not channeleddrains, which in many cities in Brazil are dumped in open streams without any treatment

What is flooding?

A flood occurred in 1914 in Fredericia.

Flood or flooding is usually a natural overflow of water from its natural bed (bed lower), ie, streams, creeks, lakes, rivers, streams, usually caused by heavy rains and continuous. In the seas and oceans due to storm surge flooding, with or without overtopping of levees, floods are also called, as has occurred in the NetherlandsThe occurrence of flooding is more frequent in the busiest areas where drainage systems are replaced less efficient over time if not properly adjusted or recalculated technically. Often the increase mainly due to the destruction of the population density of certain areas subject to flooding traditionally cyclical.Like any natural phenomenon, one can always calculate the payback period or time to recurrence of a flood making use of statistical methods commonly used in hydrology, as the method of Gumbel or Galton-Gibrat.When this overflow occurs in regions with little or no human occupation, the very nature can take care of absorbing the excess water gradually, causing little damage to the ecosystem, but may cause damages to agriculture.There are errors caused by artificial flooding operations s spillway gates of dams or errors of hydraulic projects such as culverts, bridges, dams, etc..When the overflow occurs in populated areas of small, medium or high population density, the damage may be small, medium, large or very large, according to the volume of water that came out of the bed according to normal and the population density .The science that studies the phenomena of floods is the hydrology that is often taught in courses in Geography, Engineering Hydraulics, Sanitary Engineering, Environmental Engineering and others.Some works can be made for flood control such as culverts, dikes, dams or flood defense works Revitalization Rios, widely used in Holland and Germany.